Fermi GBM Science
Marshall Space Flight Center / Louisiana State University /
University of Alabama, Huntsville / USRA

GBM Occultation Flux Histories

The Fermi Gamma-Ray Burst Monitor (GBM) is not a pointed or imaging instrument. To determine fluxes for known sources, we measure the change in the count rate observed in the NaI (or BGO) detectors when the source enters or exits Earth occultation. The measured counts in each energy channel are converted to fluxes using an assumed spectrum for each source. For these measurements we currently use CTIME data, with 0.256-s resolution and 8 energy channels covering 8 keV to 1 MeV. Our technique uses all 8 energy channels, but for most sources the majority of the signal is in the 12-25 keV and 25-50 keV bands.

Description of plots:

Four energy bands are plotted for each source. Daily, two-day, or four-day averages are plotted, depending upon the source intensity. Red diamonds denote > 5-sigma statistical significance (possible detections), blue diamonds denote < -3-sigma statistical significance (usually an indication of interference or background problems). Each plot shows the long-term average as a dashed line, which is shown in pink if the long-term average statistical significance is > 10 sigma. Long-term averages include all plotted data, usually for the full Fermi mission to date, except for recently added sources.

Caveats:

  1. These light curves are quick-look data only for observation planning purposes. Please contact the occultation project PI colleen.wilson@nasa.gov for more detailed analysis.
  2. The position of the Sun is calculated at the time of each occultation, so it is not listed in the main table.
  3. Sources in the galactic center region suffer from source confusion. Please treat galactic center sources with caution and correlate with other instruments before relying on these light curves.
  4. Because the position of the Earth's limb on the sky repeats at the precession period of the Fermi orbit, apparent periods in the range of 50-55 days (or multiples thereof) may be present in the data and are likely to be spurious.
  5. Significant negative (blue points) and positive (red points) close in time are often indicative of source interference problems. For example, the very bright outburst of A0535+262 in December 2009 caused such problems in several sources.

We ask that when results from these analyses are used, they be referenced as "Fermi GBM Earth occultation results provided by the Fermi GBM Earth occultation Guest Investigation teams at NASA/MSFC and LSU."

GBM-related publications from the Gamma-Ray Astronomy Occultation team are listed here.
# Source name RA (deg) Dec (deg) l (deg) b (deg) Object Type
1 SUN0.0000.00096.337-60.189Star
2 IGR_J00234+61415.74061.685119.561-1.000CV
3 V709_CAS7.20459.289120.042-3.456CV/DQ Her
4 BD+62709.30061.380121.227-1.445Star
5 FERMIJ0109+613417.44561.558125.115-1.236AGN
6 SMCX-119.275-73.433300.412-43.569HMXB/NS
7 3A0114+65019.51165.292125.7102.564HMXB/NS
8 4U0115+63419.63063.740125.9221.026HMXB/NS
9 PKS_0116-21919.740-21.690173.445-81.707AGN
10 PKS_0142-27826.260-27.560218.089-78.095AGN
11 PKS_0215+01534.4501.750162.132-54.413AGN
12 S4_0218+3535.27035.940142.598-23.485AGN
13 PKS_0235-61839.220-61.600283.193-51.296AGN
14 LSI+61_30340.13261.229135.6751.086Gamma-ray binary
15 PKS_0244-47041.500-46.860261.837-60.092AGN
16 ALGOL47.04040.960148.973-14.897Star
17 NGC127549.95041.510150.576-13.263AGN/Sy 2
18 GKPER52.79943.905150.955-10.104CV/DQ Her
19 PKS_0332-40353.560-40.140244.763-54.073AGN/BL Lac
20 V0332+5353.75053.173146.052-2.194HMXB/NS
21 PKS_0347-21157.490-21.050214.402-49.015AGN
22 XPER58.85031.050163.081-17.131HMXB/NS
23 PKS_0402-36260.970-36.080237.737-48.486AGN
24 PKS_0420-0165.820-1.340195.290-33.135AGN
25 LSV+44_1770.25044.530159.849-1.269HMXB
26 PKS_0440-0070.660-0.300197.203-28.465AGN
27 3C12972.29045.010160.4290.142AGN
28 LMCX-280.120-71.960283.094-32.691LMXB
29 PKS_0528+13482.74013.530191.372-11.009AGN/FSRQ
30 LMCX-483.200-66.367276.331-32.532HMXB/NS
31 CRAB83.63322.015184.557-5.784Pulsar/PWN
32 A0535+26284.72826.316181.445-2.643HMXB/NS
33 LMCX-384.786-64.083273.573-32.060XRB/BH
34 NGC211088.041-7.458212.925-16.552AGN/Sy 2
35 MAXIJ0556-33289.190-33.170238.934-25.184Transient
36 PKS_0601-7090.300-70.600281.032-29.629AGN
37 4U0614+0994.2809.137200.877-3.364LMXB/NS
38 TXS_0628-24097.750-24.110232.686-14.988AGN
39 HESSJ0632+05798.2505.800205.668-1.437Gamma-ray binary
40 MXB0656-072104.612-7.263220.194-1.756HMXB/NS
41 MG2_J071354+193108.48019.580197.65113.588AGN
42 4C_+14.23111.32014.420203.64413.908AGN
43 PKS_0805-07122.060-7.850229.03713.160AGN
44 VELA-X128.287-45.190263.332-3.106PWN
45 VELA_PSR128.850-45.183263.563-2.783Pulsar
46 GS0834-430128.979-43.185262.019-1.511HMXB/NS
47 BZQ_J0850-1213132.540-12.230238.66319.517AGN
48 VELAX-1135.529-40.555263.0593.930HMXB/NS
49 S4_0917+44140.24044.700175.69844.813AGN
50 MCG-05-23-016146.920-30.950262.74717.234AGN/Sy 2
51 4C_+55.17149.41055.380158.60247.930AGN
52 GROJ1008-57152.442-58.293282.998-1.823HMXB/NS
53 MG2_J101241+243153.17024.660207.76854.356AGN
54 TXS_1013+054154.0105.220236.51347.032AGN
55 2FGLJ1019.0-5856154.750-58.942284.323-1.700Gamma-ray binary
56 FIRSTJ102347.6+003841155.9500.640243.49645.780Gamma-ray binary
57 MRK421166.11438.209179.83165.032AGN/BL Lac
58 A1118-61170.238-61.917292.499-0.892HMXB/NS
59 CENX-3170.314-60.623292.0910.336HMXB/NS
60 PKS_1124-186171.770-18.960276.73039.581AGN
61 NGC3783174.750-37.733287.44822.951AGN/Sy 1
62 1E1145.1-6141176.869-61.954295.490-0.010HMXB/NS
63 TON_599179.88029.250199.39378.371AGN
64 NGC4151182.65039.417155.01775.061AGN/Sy 1.5
65 NGC4388186.45012.660279.14174.335AGN/Sy
66 GX301-2186.657-62.770300.098-0.035HMXB/NS
67 1FGLJ1227.9-4852186.980-48.880298.95413.810Gamma-ray binary
68 3C273187.2752.050289.94564.357AGN/Blazar
69 PKS_1244-255191.700-25.800301.62437.060AGN
70 3C_279194.050-5.790305.11157.062AGN/Blazar
71 4U1254-690194.405-69.289303.482-6.424LMXB/NS
72 COMA_CLUSTER194.95027.98058.09587.960Galaxy cluster
73 GX304-1195.321-61.602304.1031.247HMXB/NS
74 PSRB1259-63195.700-63.833304.184-0.989Gamma-ray binary
75 MAXIJ1305-704196.731-70.451304.238-7.619Transient
76 GB_1310+487198.18048.480113.38368.252AGN
77 CEN_A201.365-43.019309.51619.417AGN/Sy 2
78 4U1323-62201.650-62.140307.0270.452LMXB/NS
79 PKS_1329-049203.020-5.160321.36756.250AGN
80 NGC5252204.5714.543331.30964.802AGN/Sy 1.9
81 IC4329A207.330-30.309317.49630.921AGN/Sy 1.2
82 MAXIJ1409-619212.011-61.984311.797-0.438XRB/NS
83 CIRCINUS_GALAXY213.291-65.339311.326-3.808AGN/Sy 2
84 NGC5506213.312-3.207339.15153.811AGN/Sy 1.9
85 H1417-624215.300-62.700313.019-1.599HMXB/NS
86 CENX-4224.592-31.669332.24323.881LMXB/NS
87 PKS_1502+106226.10010.49011.37254.582AGN
88 PKS_1510-08228.210-9.100351.28940.139AGN
89 MSH15-52228.507-59.256320.270-1.271Pulsar
90 H_1517+656229.45065.420102.25745.390AGN/BL Lac
91 CIRX-1230.170-57.167322.1180.038LMXB/NS
92 B2_1520+31230.54031.74050.16957.024AGN
93 SWIFTJ1539.2-6227234.818-62.459321.030-5.641XRB/BH
94 4U1538-52235.597-52.386327.4202.164HMXB/NS
95 4U1543-624236.980-62.570321.757-6.338LMXB/NS
96 SGR1550-5418237.725-54.307327.237-0.132SGR
97 PKS_1551+130238.39012.95023.79545.218AGN
98 H1608-522243.175-52.417330.929-0.844LMXB/NS
99 SCOX-1244.980-15.640359.09523.784LMXB/NS
100 USCO245.628-17.878357.66921.869CV/Nova
101 PKS_1622-253246.450-25.460352.14416.316AGN
102 X1624-490247.011-49.198334.915-0.262LMXB/NS
103 IGRJ16318-4848247.967-48.803335.633-0.446HMXB/NS
104 AXJ1631.9-4752248.008-47.874336.3300.169XRB/NS
105 4U1626-67248.070-67.462321.788-13.092LMXB/NS
106 4U1630-472248.502-47.394336.9080.252LMXB/BH
107 4C_+38.41248.81038.13061.07942.340AGN
108 4U1636-536250.231-53.751332.915-4.818LMXB/NS
109 IGRJ16418-4532250.450-45.533339.1890.500HMXB/NS
110 SWIFTJ164449.3P573451251.20057.60086.73439.442Transient
111 GX340+0251.449-45.611339.588-0.079LMXB/NS
112 IGRJ16479-4514251.975-45.233340.115-0.116HMXB/NS
113 GROJ1655-40253.500-39.850344.9782.454LMXB/BH
114 HERX-1254.45735.34258.14837.523LMXB/NS
115 MAXIJ1659-152254.760-15.2585.51716.524XRB/BH
116 TXS_1700+685255.04068.50099.56035.203AGN/Sy 1
117 OAO1657-415255.199-41.673344.3540.312HMXB/NS
118 XTEJ1701-462255.240-46.190340.808-2.489LMXB
119 GX339-4255.706-48.789338.940-4.326LMXB/BH
120 4U1700-377255.986-37.844347.7542.174HMXB/NS
121 GX349+2256.450-36.417349.1162.743LMXB/NS
122 4U1702-429256.564-43.036343.887-1.319LMXB/NS
123 H1705-440257.228-44.101343.322-2.342LMXB/NS
124 IGRJ17091-3624257.275-36.402349.5262.220LMXB/BH
125 4U1708-407258.100-40.840346.332-0.928LMXB
126 OPH_CLUSTER258.110-23.3800.5629.268Galaxy cluster
127 SWIFTJ1713.4-4219258.361-42.327345.242-1.960Transient
128 IGRJ17191-2821259.813-28.299357.3525.186Transient
129 GRS1724-308261.900-30.800356.3272.291LMXB
129 SWIFT J1727.8-1613261.937-16.2128.63910.246HMXB
129 SWIFT J1728.9-3613262.244-36.244351.956-0.955HMXB
130 GX9+9262.934-16.9618.5139.038LMXB/NS
131 GX354-0263.000-33.833354.309-0.157LMXB/NS
132 GX1+4263.008-24.7471.9354.795LMXB/NS
133 H1730-333263.350-33.390354.839-0.159LMXB/NS
134 KS1731-260263.554-26.0861.0743.655LMXB/NS
135 B2_1732+38A263.59038.96064.02131.004AGN
136 SLX1735-269264.567-27.0040.7862.398LMXB/NS
137 X1735-444264.743-44.450346.054-6.994LMXB/NS
138 4C_+51.37265.15052.20079.56931.751AGN
139 1E1740-29265.969-29.742359.114-0.097LMXB/BH
140 SWIFTJ174510.8-262411266.29-26.40359.114-0.097Transient
141 MAXIJ1745-288266.460-28.8200.1240.019Transient
142 1A1742-294266.523-29.515359.559-0.389LMXB/?
143 IGRJ17464-3213266.575-32.240357.254-1.844LMXB/BH
144 IGRJ17473-2721266.825-27.3441.5530.511XRB
145 GX3+1266.984-26.5642.2940.793LMXB/NS
146 NGC6440267.220-20.3607.7293.801Globular cluster
147 EXO1745-248267.233-24.8933.8411.463LMXB
148 4U1746-370267.550-37.050353.532-5.002LMXB/NS
149 XTEJ1752-223268.044-22.3256.4292.138XRB/BH
150 SWIFTJ1753.5-0127268.368-1.45324.89712.185LMXB/BH
151 SWIFTJ1753.7-2544268.429-25.7423.6640.099Transient
152 GX5-1270.275-25.0835.070-1.013LMXB/NS
153 GRS1758-258270.300-25.7334.516-1.355LMXB/BH
154 GX9+1270.382-20.5319.0741.155LMXB/NS
155 SAXJ1806.5-2215271.636-22.2388.160-0.701Transient
156 SAXJ1808.4-3658272.115-36.979355.385-8.148LMXB
157 XTEJ1810-189272.608-19.0711.3720.041LMXB
158 GX13+1273.632-17.15613.5180.107LMXB/NS
159 4U1812-12273.800-12.08318.0562.383LMXB/NS
160 GX17+2274.006-14.03616.4331.278LMXB/NS
161 SAXJ1818.6-1703274.663-17.05214.078-0.711HMXB
162 H1820-303275.925-30.3672.785-7.921LMXB/NS
163 IGRJ18245-2452276.111-24.8577.798-5.553Transient
164 HESSJ1825-137276.130-13.85217.567-0.453Pulsar
165 4U1822-000276.340-0.01029.9405.795LMXB/NS
166 3A1822-371276.445-37.105356.850-11.291LMXB/NS
167 LS5039276.560-14.85016.879-1.288Gamma-ray binary
168 GS1826-238277.367-23.7979.272-6.087LMXB/NS
169 SGR1833-0832278.435-8.51923.3400.020SGR
170 MAXIJ1836-194278.959-19.38513.899-5.408Transient
171 SERX-1279.9905.03636.1184.842LMXB/NS
172 SWIFTJ1842.5-1124280.500-11.40021.711-3.108XRB/BH
173 SWIFTJ1843.5-0343280.899-3.73028.7190.041Transient
174 GS1843+00281.4120.89133.0651.694HMXB/NS
175 IGRJ18483-0311282.075-3.16229.760-0.744HMXB/NS
176 S4_1849+67282.32067.09097.48625.042AGN/Sy 1
177 S4_1851+48283.12048.93078.59419.945AGN
178 IGRJ18539+0727283.4757.45839.8542.849XRB/BH
179 XTEJ1855-026283.880-2.60731.076-2.096HMXB/NS
180 XTEJ1858+034284.6503.35036.729-0.064HMXB/NS
181 HT1900.1-2455285.036-24.92011.305-12.873LMXB/NS
182 TXS_1902+556285.80055.68085.96920.540AGN
183 4U1901+03285.9053.19237.162-1.250HMXB/NS
184 H1907+097287.4009.83343.7430.484HMXB/NS
185 SWIFTJ1910.2-0546287.595-5.79929.902-6.844Transient
186 4U1909+07287.6997.59841.896-0.810HMXB/NS
187 AQLX-1287.8170.58535.719-4.143LMXB/NS
188 GRS1915+105288.82010.97045.397-0.227LMXB/BH
189 TXS_1920-211290.880-21.08017.173-16.253AGN
190 IGRJ19294+1816292.48018.64053.8280.275HMXB/NS
191 XTEJ1946+274296.41427.36563.2071.395HMXB/NS
192 4U1954+31298.92932.10068.3961.927LMXB/NS
193 PKS_1954-388299.500-38.7501.581-28.958AGN
194 CYGX-1299.59035.20271.3353.067HMXB/BH
195 4U1957+115299.85011.71051.309-9.329LMXB
196 EXO2030+375308.06437.63977.153-1.241HMXB/NS
197 CYGX-3308.10740.95879.8450.700HMXB/?
198 PKS_2052-47314.070-47.250352.586-40.382AGN
199 V407CYG315.54145.77686.983-0.482CV/Mira Cet
200 SAXJ2103.5+4545315.89945.75787.134-0.681HMXB/NS
201 IGJR21247+5058321.18050.98093.3310.391AGN
202 4U2127+119322.49012.17065.013-27.308LMXB
203 GINGA2138+56324.87856.98699.0123.312HMXB/NS
204 SS_CYG325.67843.58690.559-7.110CV/Dwarf nova
205 OX_169325.90017.73072.117-26.086AGN/Sy 1
206 CYGX-2326.17038.32087.326-11.317LMXB/NS
207 PKS_2155-304329.720-30.23017.724-52.249AGN/BL Lac
208 PKS_2201+171330.86017.43075.670-29.633AGN
209 4U2206+54331.98454.518100.603-1.106HMXB/NS
210 CTA_102338.15011.73077.436-38.582AGN/Blazar
211 3C454.3343.49016.14886.110-38.184AGN/Blazar
212 PKS_2255-282344.520-27.97024.392-64.916AGN/Sy 1
213 B2_2308+34347.77034.420100.414-24.026AGN
214 CAS_A350.86058.820111.741-2.127SNR
215 CTS_0490351.370-35.9701.760-69.726AGN
216 PKS_2325+093351.8909.67091.143-47.957AGN/FSRQ
217 PKS_2326-502352.340-49.930331.986-62.313AGN
218 PMN_J2345-1555356.300-15.92065.666-70.984AGN
219 1ES_1959+650299.99965.14998.00317.670AGN/BL Lac
220 1RXSJ180408.9-342058271.038-34.349357.297-6.128LMXB
221 AX_J1744.8-2921266.213-29.355359.555-0.075LMXB
222 DG_CVN202.94029.28048.87680.860Star
223 GINGA1354-645209.541-64.735309.978-2.780LMXB
224 GRO_J1719-24259.138-25.0170.1426.991LMXB
225 GRO_J1744-28266.138-28.7410.0450.302LMXB
226 GRO_J1750-27267.300-26.6472.3730.520HMXB
227 GRS1739-278265.670-27.7600.6721.176Star
228 GS1843-02282.074-2.42030.420-0.405HMXB
229 H1145-619117.000-62.207295.611-0.240Star
230 H1745-203267.225-20.3677.7293.798LMXB
231 IGR_J00291+59347.26359.572120.096-3.177LMXB
232 IGRJ17252-3616261.297-36.283351.497-0.354HMXB
233 IGRJ19140+0951288.5189.88844.296-0.469HMXB
234 KS1947+300297.39030.21366.0992.084HMXB
235 MAXIJ1828-249277.244-25.0298.175-6.389Transient
236 NGC_105240.270-8.256182.020-57.926AGN, Sy2
237 NGC_3998179.48455.454138.17260.063AGN, Sy
238 PKS_0336-0154.879-1.777188.001-42.455AGN
239 RX_J0520.5-693280.129-69.532280.263-33.192Star
240 SAXJ1750.8-2900267.602-29.0380.454-0.949LMXB
241 SMCX-313.024-72.435302.862-44.694HMXB
242 SN2014J148.92669.674141.42740.558Supernova
243 UX_ARI51.64728.715159.549-22.913Star
244 V404_CYG306.01633.86873.119-2.091LMXB
245 XTE_J1908+094287.2219.38543.2630.434HMXB
246 XTEJ1859+083284.7708.25041.1472.063HMXB
247 SWIFT_J0243.6+612440.918661.432391.193737.3963XRB
248 MAXIJ1348-630207.054-63.274Transient